LIFE MareNatura – Το μεγαλύτερο πρόγραμμα για τη θαλάσσια βιοποικιλότητα στην Ελλάδα
Στοχεύοντας στην αναχαίτιση των απειλών που αντιμετωπίζουν εννέα σημαντικά αλλά και ευάλωτα είδη της ελληνικής θαλάσσιας πανίδας (η μεσογειακή φώκια, η χελώνα καρέττα και η πράσινη χελώνα, τα κητώδη φυσητήρας, φώκαινα, ζιφιός και κοινό δελφίνι, και τα θαλασσοπούλια μύχος της Μεσογείου και αιγαιόγλαρος), το περιβαλλοντικό πρόγραμμα «LIFE MareNatura – Διατήρηση ειδών προτεραιότητας της θαλάσσιας μεγαπανίδας σε Ελλάδα και Ιταλία» ξεκίνησε τις δράσεις του τον Ιούλιο του 2023 και αναμένεται να ολοκληρωθεί τον Ιούνιο του 2029. Απώτερος σκοπός του προγράμματος είναι η αποτελεσματική προστασία των ειδών αυτών και των θαλάσσιων βιοτόπων τους, μέσω της ανακήρυξης νέων θαλάσσιων προστατευόμενων περιοχών, που θα διευρύνουν το δίκτυο Natura 2000 της Ελλάδας. Με τον τρόπο αυτό το πρόγραμμα θα συμβάλλει καθοριστικά στο να επιτύχει η Ελλάδα την εφαρμογή της στρατηγικής της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης για τη βιοποικιλότητα, που ορίζει ότι τουλάχιστον το 30% της θάλασσας και της ξηράς στην Ευρώπη πρέπει να τεθεί υπό καθεστώς προστασίας έως το 2030. Μια τέτοια προοπτική συνάδει απολύτως με τους στόχους του 9th OUR OCEAN CONFERENCE, που φιλοξενείται στην χώρα μας τον Απρίλιο 2024.
Το πρόγραμμα LIFE MareNatura, με συνολικό προϋπολογισμό σχεδόν 11 εκ. ευρώ, συγχρηματοδοτείται κατά 75% από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και θα καλύψει μια εκτεταμένη θαλάσσια περιοχή από το Αιγαίο έως το Ιόνιο Πέλαγος και τη Νότια Αδριατική, αποτελώντας το μεγαλύτερο πρόγραμμα για την προστασίας της θαλάσσιας βιοποικιλότητας που έχει εκπονηθεί ποτέ στην Ελλάδα.
Το πρόγραμμα υλοποιείται από μια ευρεία κοινοπραξία από έμπειρους φορείς (ερευνητικά και ακαδημαϊκά ιδρύματα, δημόσιους φορείς, περιβαλλοντικές μη κυβερνητικές οργανώσεις και ιδιωτικές εταιρείες περιβαλλοντικών συμβούλων), με συντονιστή το Ελληνικό Κέντρο Θαλασσίων Ερευνών (ΕΛΚΕΘΕ), ενώ βασικός εταίρος είναι ο Οργανισμός Φυσικού Περιβάλλοντος και Κλιματικής Αλλαγής (ΟΦΥΠΕΚΑ), φορέας υπεύθυνος για τις προστατευόμενες περιοχές της Ελλάδας. Οι υπόλοιποι φορείς που συμμετέχουν είναι το Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου, το Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης-Μουσείο Φυσικής Ιστορίας Κρήτης (ΠΚ-ΜΦΙΚ), το Εθνικό Αστεροσκοπείο Αθηνών, η Ελληνική Ορνιθολογική Εταιρεία, η Εταιρεία για τη Μελέτη και την Προστασία της Μεσογειακής Φώκιας (MOm), ο ΑΡΧΕΛΩΝ, η MEDASSET, η Εταιρεία Περιβαλλοντικών Συμβούλων–NCC, το Ιταλικό Εθνικό Ινστιτούτο για την Περιβαλλοντική Προστασία και Έρευνα (ISPRA), και η εταιρεία Waterproof Marine Consultancy Services. Επίσης, ειδικός συνεργάτης του έργου για θέματα πολιτικής είναι το The Green Tank.
Αρχικά, το πρόγραμμα θα καλύψει σημαντικά κενά γνώσης και οικολογικής πληροφορίας, ειδικά σε υπεράκτιες περιοχές που είναι υπομελετημένες και χρησιμοποιούνται για τροφοληψία, αναπαραγωγή ή ως μεταναστευτικοί διάδρομοι από τα είδη-στόχους. Για το σκοπό αυτό θα χρησιμοποιηθούν σύγχρονες τεχνικές βιοπαρακολούθησης όπως τηλεμετρία (με χρήση δορυφορικών πομπών που θα τοποθετηθούν πάνω στα ζώα), οπτικές καταγραφές από πλωτά και εναέρια μέσα, καταγραφές με υδρόφωνα για τον ηχητικό εντοπισμό φαλαινών και δελφινιών, και ανίχνευση ειδών μέσω περιβαλλοντικού DNA, ώστε να προσδιοριστούν οι πιο σημαντικές περιοχές για τα είδη αυτά. Παράλληλα, θα γίνει σε όλη την περιοχή μελέτης χαρτογράφηση οικονομικών δραστηριοτήτων που μπορούν να έχουν αρνητικές επιπτώσεις στα είδη-στόχους, όπως η εμπορική αλιεία, η παραγωγή και μεταφορά ενέργειας, η τουριστική ανάπτυξη και η θαλάσσια κυκλοφορία. Συνδυάζοντας τα παραπάνω δεδομένα με την επίδραση της κλιματικής αλλαγής και με τη χρήση σύγχρονων μεθόδων χωροταξικού σχεδιασμού, θα οριστούν περιοχές που θα προταθούν για ένταξη στο δίκτυο προστατευόμενων περιοχών Natura 2000, επεκτείνοντας το υφιστάμενο δίκτυο και υλοποιώντας την ευρωπαϊκή στρατηγική για τη βιοποικιλότητα.
Επιπλέον, στο πλαίσιο του προγράμματος LIFE MareNatura θα αναπτυχθεί ένα σύστημα για την ολοκληρωμένη παρακολούθηση των προστατευόμενων θαλάσσιων περιοχών και των ειδών-στόχων μετά το πέρας του προγράμματος, που θα περιλαμβάνει εργαλεία έγκαιρης προειδοποίησης για την τακτική αξιολόγηση της κατάστασης διατήρησης τους ώστε να λαμβάνονται άμεσα μέτρα προστασίας όταν υφίσταται ανάγκη.
Παράλληλα, θα πραγματοποιηθούν δράσεις πολιτικής για τη βέλτιστη ενημέρωση και αποτελεσματική διάδραση με τις αρμόδιες αρχές, τους εμπλεκόμενους φορείς και τα ενδιαφερόμενα μέρη. Με ένα σύνολο δράσεων άσκησης πίεσης σε εθνικούς και ευρωπαϊκούς φορείς λήψης αποφάσεων, το πρόγραμμα θα στοχεύσει όχι μόνο στη θεσμοθέτηση νέων θαλάσσιων προστατευόμενων περιοχών, αλλά και στην εξασφάλιση επαρκών πόρων για την αποτελεσματική διαχείρισή τους. Επίσης, μέσα από δράσεις ενημέρωσης και ευαισθητοποίησης, το πρόγραμμα φιλοδοξεί να κινητοποιήσει το κοινό, αλλά και συγκεκριμένες ομάδες-στόχους, για την προστασία της θαλάσσιας βιοποικιλότητας.
Ο συντονιστής του προγράμματος και ερευνητής του ΕΛΚΕΘΕ Δρ. Παναγιώτης Κασαπίδης, δήλωσε: «Σε μια εποχή με τεράστιες περιβαλλοντικές προκλήσεις, αλλά και αυξανόμενη επέκταση των οικονομικών δραστηριοτήτων (υπεράκτια αιολικά πάρκων, εξορύξεις υδρογονανθράκων και μεταλλευμάτων, τουρισμός) σε σχετικά άθικτες θαλάσσιες περιοχές, το πρόγραμμα LIFE MareNatura φιλοδοξεί να προσφέρει ένα παράδειγμα ορθού χωροταξικού σχεδιασμού για την προστασία του θαλάσσιου περιβάλλοντος, βασισμένου σε στιβαρά επιστημονικά δεδομένα, για μια ισορροπημένη οικονομική ανάπτυξη με σεβασμό στο περιβάλλον»
Σημειώσεις για Συντάκτες:
- Το πρόγραμμα LIFE MareNatura: Διατήρηση ειδών προτεραιότητας της θαλάσσιας μεγαπανίδας σε Ελλάδα και Ιταλία (Ιούλιος 2023 – Ιούνιος 2029), αναπτύσσει στοχευμένες δράσεις για την προστασία της θαλάσσιας βιοποικιλότητας, με απώτερο στόχο την πρόταση προς ανακήρυξη νέων θαλάσσιων προστατευόμενων περιοχών. Το έργο συγχρηματοδοτείται από την ΕΕ (Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση) και υλοποιείται σε Ελλάδα και Ιταλία από δώδεκα εταίρους: ΕΛΚΕΘΕ (Συντονιστής Προγράμματος), ΑΡΧΕΛΩΝ, Εθνικό Αστεροσκοπείο Αθηνών, Ελληνική Ορνιθολογική Εταιρεία, MEDASSET, MOm, Μουσείο Φυσικής Ιστορίας Κρήτης & Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης, Nature Conservation Consultants – NCC Εταιρεία Περιβαλλοντικών Συμβούλων, Ο.ΦΥ.ΠΕ.ΚΑ, Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου, ISPRA, Waterproof Marine Consultancy Services. Επίσης, ειδικός συνεργάτης του έργου για θέματα πολιτικής είναι το The Green Tank.
- Βρείτε φωτογραφικό υλικό και το λογότυπο του προγράμματος: https://we.tl/t-bcONqEbOEU (διάρκεια υπερσυνδέσμου 7 ημέρες).
- Keywords: θαλάσσια βιοποικιλότητα, απειλούμενα είδη, προστατευόμενες περιοχές, Natura 2000, προστασία, θαλάσσιες χελώνες, θαλάσσια θηλαστικά, θαλασσοπούλια.
- Για περισσότερες πληροφορίες, διευκρινίσεις και συνεντεύξεις επικοινωνήστε με: Δρ. Παναγιώτης Κασαπίδης, Ερευνητής, Ελληνικό Κέντρο Θαλάσσιων Ερευνών, συντονιστής του προγράμματος LIFE MareNatura, (Τηλ.: 2810337718, email: kasapidi@hcmr.gr).
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Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!